Comprehensive Technology Study of Tunnel Water Prevention and Drainage and Anti-freezing in Severe C
admin
2022-09-12
严寒地区隧道防排水及防冻综合技术研究
Comprehensive Technology Study of Tunnel Water Prevention and Drainage and Anti-freezing in Severe Cold Region
技术编号
XN-069
提供单位
长安大学
技术大类
其他技术
联系人
崔高峰
技术类型
其他技术
电话
13022867251
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适用范围
《严寒地区隧道防排水及防冻综合技术研究》依托吉图珲客专、图珲高速公路项目组织攻关,通过方案比选、数值模拟、现场实施、实测分析等手段,成功地解决了拱墙渗漏、拱背冻胀、衬砌开裂等难题,达到了严寒条件隧道洞内外排水通畅目标,根治了施工缝渗水和挂冰等难题,将严寒地区隧道冻害控制到最佳水平。保证了运营隧道的安全,降低了运营维护费用,延长了结构使用寿命。目前已开工的京张客专崇礼段、赤喀客专等项目,结合实际工况均采用了该科研的部分成果,效果显著,已获得广泛的推广。随着科研成果的公开,应用范围与区域将会越来越广,对促进严寒地区隧道建设技术进步,构建和完善以节能为控制目标的寒区隧道供热防冻系统设计计算理论体系均有着重大意义,可为我国严寒地区隧道相应规范(或规程)修订提供必要的基础数据和科学理论依据。
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技术简要说明通过多方协作攻关,采用建立理论计算模型、推导新型计算方法、开发新材料和新工艺等手段,对寒区隧道渗流场规律、冻胀力特征、温度场规律、防排水技术、主动供热防冻方法等主要方面进行研究。获国家发明专利7项、实用新型专利3项,发表论文20篇。研究成果在吉图珲客专、京张客专崇礼段、赤喀铁路、长春至珲春高速公路、陕西延志吴高速公路等大型隧道工程中得到应用和推广,既节约了直接投资又保障了隧道安全运行,经济、社会效益显著。主要创新点:(1)揭示了隧道长度、主导风风速、洞外温度、围岩初始温度、隧道横断面形式和主导风等因素对寒区隧道温度场分布的影响规律。(2)提出严寒地区不同长度高速铁路隧道的保温层合理铺设范围。(3)揭示了隧道开挖、围岩及支护渗透特性对地下水位的影响规律,提出冻胀压力的约束冻胀模型和理论分析公式,以及衬砌结构刚度的荷载结构模型求解方法。(4)优化了隧道洞口段结构设计,避免了冻害迸发症,建立隧道洞口段的防冻、抗冻技术体系。(5)提出寒区隧道“先堵水减少水、后防水不漏水、加保温不冻水”的防冻新理念,开发了先进的机械式密封塞注浆技术和“环向张拉法”新技术;提出中央深埋排水沟保温出水口的施工方法和渗井作为保温出水口排水新思路,形成了一套先进的寒区隧道防排水系统“堵、防、排”综合施工技术。(6)通过系统改进衬砌台车及钢筋定位台架、优化洞门浇筑技术、减少环纵向浇筑次数、优化通风方式、提高混凝土自身性能、开发保温防水层工艺、创新工装、升级冬施混凝土拌合技术等方式,建立寒区隧道衬砌裂缝综合控制技术。(7)提出寒区隧道主动供热防冻新方法;建立寒区隧道主动供热防冻理论模型,推导了寒区隧道主动供热系统的保温层厚度和长度修正的计算方法,提出一种考虑时间积分效应的寒区隧道主动供热防冻系统发热功率的计算公式;二次开发了寒区隧道主动供热防冻系统温度场有限元分析的专用模块;提出了一种采用纯机械结构方式的温控电路。推广应用前景:《严寒地区隧道防排水及防冻综合技术研究》依托吉图珲客专、图珲高速公路项目组织攻关,通过方案比选、数值模拟、现场实施、实测分析等手段,成功地解决了拱墙渗漏、拱背冻胀、衬砌开裂等难题,达到了严寒条件隧道洞内外排水通畅目标,根治了施工缝渗水和挂冰等难题,将严寒地区隧道冻害控制到最佳水平。保证了运营隧道的安全,降低了运营维护费用,延长了结构使用寿命。目前已开工的京张客专崇礼段、赤喀客专等项目,结合实际工况均采用了该科研的部分成果,效果显著,已获得广泛的推广。随着科研成果的公开,应用范围与区域将会越来越广,对促进严寒地区隧道建设技术进步,构建和完善以节能为控制目标的寒区隧道供热防冻系统设计计算理论体系均有着重大意义,可为我国严寒地区隧道相应规范(或规程)修订提供必要的基础数据和科学理论依据。
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Technical Brief DescriptionThrough multilateral collaborative problem tackling, the main aspects of cold region tunnel seepage field rules, frost heaving force characteristics, temperature field rules, water prevention and drainage technology, initiative heat supply and anti-freezing method in cold region are studied by means of establishing a theoretical calculation model, deducting new calculation methods and developing new materials and processes. It has obtained 7 national patents for invention, 3 patents for utility models and was published in 20 papers. The research results are applied and promoted in such large tunnel projects as Jilin-Hunchun Intercity Railway, Chongli Branch of Beijing-Zhangjiakou High-speed Railway, Kazuo-Chifeng High-speed Railway, Changchun-Hunchun Intercity Railway and Yan-Zhi-Wu Highway. The direct investment is saved, and safe operation of the tunnel is guaranteed with remarkable economic and social benefits. Main innovative points: (1) Reveal the influence rule of factors on the tunnel temperature field distribution in cold region, such as tunnel length, prevailing wind velocity, external temperature, the initial temperature of the surrounding rocks, the cross section profile of tunnel and prevailing wind. (2) The proper laying range of insulation layer for different lengths of high-speed railway tunnels in severe cold regions was proposed. (3) The influence law of tunnel excavation, surrounding rock and support permeability characteristics on groundwater level was revealed, the model of constraint on deformation due to frost heave and theoretical analysis formula of frost heave pressure, as well as the load structure model solution of lining structure stiffness were proposed. (4) The structural design of the tunnel cavity section was optimized to avoid frost injury complications and to establish the anti-freezing technology system of the tunnel cavity section. (5) The new anti-freezing concept of "first to reduce water by blocking water, then to prevent water leakage by waterproofing, and to prevent water freezing by adding heat insulation" in cold region tunnels was put forward, and the advanced mechanical seal grouting technology and new technology of "circumferential tension method" were developed. The construction method of central deep buried drainage trench insulation outlet and the new idea that took percolation pit as insulation outlet to drainage were proposed, an advanced set of integrated construction technology for the drainage-prevention system of cold region tunnels with the functions of "plugging, prevention, drainage" was formed. (6) The comprehensive control technology of lining cracks of cold region tunnels was established by systematically improving the lining cart and steel locator, optimizing the cave door casting technology, reducing the number of ring-longitudinal casting, optimizing the ventilation method, improving the concrete performance, developing the insulation and waterproof layer process, innovating the tooling, and upgrading the winter concrete mixing technology. (7) A new method for active heating and anti-freezing of cold region tunnels A theoretical model of active heating and anti-freezing system in cold region tunnels was established, the calculation method of insulation layer thickness and length correction of active heating system in cold region tunnels was derived, and formula of heat generation power of active heating and anti-freezing system in cold region tunnels considering time integration effect was proposed. A special module for finite element analysis of the temperature field of active heating and anti-freezing system in cold region tunnels was developed secondly. A temperature control circuit with a purely mechanical structure approach was introduced. Promotion and application prospect: In the Comprehensive Technology Research on Anti-drainage and Anti-freezing of Tunnels in Severe Cold Regions, based on the Jilin-Hunchun Intercity Railway and Tumen-Hunchun Expressway projects, the problems of arch wall leakage, frost heave of arch back, lining cracking, etc. were solved through the program selection, numerical simulation, field implementation, and actual measurement and analysis, achieving the goal of smooth drainage inside and outside the tunnel cavern under severe cold conditions, curing the water seepage and ice hanging in the construction joints, and controlling the frost damage of cold region tunnels to the best level. The safety of tunnel operation was ensured, the operation and maintenance costs were reduced, and the service life of the structure was extended. At present, part of the achievements of this research have been used in the projects such as the Chongli Branch of Beijing-Zhangjiakou High-speed Railway, Kazuo-Chifeng High-speed Railway, which have been started, in combination with the actual working conditions, and the results are remarkable and have been widely promoted. With the disclosure of research results, the application scope and area will be more extensive. It will be of great significance to promote the technical progress of tunnel construction in severe cold regions and to build and improve the theoretical system for the design and calculation of heating and anti-freezing systems in severe cold region tunnels with energy conservation as the control target, and can provide the basic data and scientific and theoretical basis for the revision of the corresponding specifications (or regulations) for tunnels in cold regions in China.
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技术提供方长安大学
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技术主要指标信息(1)揭示了隧道长度、主导风风速、洞外温度、围岩初始温度、隧道横断面形式和主导风等因素对寒区隧道温度场分布的影响规律。(2)提出严寒地区不同长度高速铁路隧道的保温层合理铺设范围。(3)揭示了隧道开挖、围岩及支护渗透特性对地下水位的影响规律,提出冻胀压力的约束冻胀模型和理论分析公式,以及衬砌结构刚度的荷载结构模型求解方法。(4)优化了隧道洞口段结构设计,避免了冻害迸发症,建立隧道洞口段的防冻、抗冻技术体系。(5)提出寒区隧道“先堵水减少水、后防水不漏水、加保温不冻水”的防冻新理念,开发了先进的机械式密封塞注浆技术和“环向张拉法”新技术;提出中央深埋排水沟保温出水口的施工方法和渗井作为保温出水口排水新思路,形成了一套先进的寒区隧道防排水系统“堵、防、排”综合施工技术。(6)通过系统改进衬砌台车及钢筋定位台架、优化洞门浇筑技术、减少环纵向浇筑次数、优化通风方式、提高混凝土自身性能、开发保温防水层工艺、创新工装、升级冬施混凝土拌合技术等方式,建立寒区隧道衬砌裂缝综合控制技术。(7)提出寒区隧道主动供热防冻新方法;建立寒区隧道主动供热防冻理论模型,推导了寒区隧道主动供热系统的保温层厚度和长度修正的计算方法,提出一种考虑时间积分效应的寒区隧道主动供热防冻系统发热功率的计算公式;二次开发了寒区隧道主动供热防冻系统温度场有限元分析的专用模块;提出了一种采用纯机械结构方式的温控电路。
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