Biomass Gasification High-Value Technology
admin
2022-09-15
生物质气化高值化技术
Biomass Gasification High-Value Technology
技术编号
AH-020
提供单位
合肥德博生物能源科技有限公司
技术大类
资源能源利用技术
联系人
王亚军
技术类型
全生命周期资源节约和循环利用技术
电话
18855302729
邮箱
841665375@qq.com
适用范围
可再生能源、农林废弃物资源化利用
推荐单位
安徽省科学技术厅
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Technical principle and process routeFrom the perspective of industrial analysis, the combustible components of biomass are composed of volatile matter and fixed carbon. The ideal reaction state is that the volatile matter in biomass is completely separated into pyrolysis gas. Part of the pyrolysis gas reacts with air (oxygen) to provide heat for biomass pyrolysis. The flue gas and pyrolysis gas are mixed to form biomass gas, and the residual ash after volatilization is analyzed And all the fixed carbon is converted into biochar. After gasification of biomass, two basic products, biochar and gas, are obtained, and then a variety of high value-added products, such as electric power, steam, synthetic natural gas, activated carbon, machine-made carbon, carbon based fertilizer and so on, are obtained.
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技术提供方合肥德博生物能源科技有限公司是集生物质气化装备研发、生产、销售、工程建设、项目运营于一体的高新技术企业。公司在生物质气化高值化技术领域处于行业领先地位,并衍生出生物质气化多联产、燃煤机组耦合生物质气化发电等多个原创性工艺及装备,拥有相关技术专利六十余项,2013年经安徽省科技厅批准设立“安徽省生物质气化院士工作站”。近年来,公司在国内外多个地区建设示范项目近百项,出口希腊、斯洛维尼亚、加纳等国。
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技术主要指标信息单台设备处理量:0.1~20t/h,可灵活布局;热转化率:≥86%。
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商业应用情况(1)合肥肥西秸秆气化供10t蒸汽锅炉热炭联产项目位于合肥市肥西县,采用合同能源模式为企业供热。系统配套2台秸秆气化炉和1台10吨蒸汽锅炉。项目年消纳秸秆3万吨,年产秸秆炭0.9万吨,年供热量7.5万吨,年替代天然气600万立方,每年为企业节约蒸汽成本317.2万元。年替代标煤1.35万吨,减排CO2 3.6万吨。 (2)加纳生物质气化热炭联产项目位于非洲加纳,项目于2019年建成投产,系统配套1台橄榄壳气化炉和1台4吨蒸汽锅炉。年消纳橄榄壳量1.05万吨,年供蒸汽量2.8万吨,年产橄榄壳炭约1900吨,年替代标煤0.6万吨,减排CO2 1.5万吨。
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希望在技术转移过程中得到的帮助/支持
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商业应用单位联系人/电话/邮箱
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设备投资以建设秸秆气化供10t锅炉炭热联产项目为例,设备投资估算按照1套上料系统、2台生物质气化炉、1台10t/h蒸汽锅炉及配套设备以及其他附属设备进行编制估算,不包含厂房和土地费用,设备使用寿命以15年计算。 1、上料系统 60万元 2、气化炉及配套设备 750万元 3、10t锅炉系统及配套设备 200万元 4、其他设备费用 90万元 总设备投资合计1100万元。
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年运行维护费用项目以年运行7500h计算: 1、年原料消耗量3.0万吨,秸秆以450元/t计算,年原料成本费用1350万元; 2、年用电量112.5万kW.h,工业用电以0.8元/kW.h计算,年电费90.0万元; 3、年用水量7.9万吨,用水价格以3.0/t计算,年水费23.6万元; 4、劳动定员15人,工资以6000元/月计算,年人员工资费用108.0万元, 5、设备以15年线性折旧估算,年设备折旧费69.7万元; 6、设备维修约10万元; 7、管理费用约25.0万元; 合计年运行维护费用1676.3万元。
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投资回收期项目产出、利润及投资回收期如下: 1、年供蒸汽7.5万吨,蒸汽以200元/t计算,年销售收入1500万元; 2、年产秸秆炭0.9万吨,秸秆炭以1000元/t计算,年秸秆炭销售收入900万元; 合计年销售收入2400万元,年运行维护费1676.3万元,年利润723.7万元,静态投资回收期约2.1年,包括建设期0.6年。
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附加效益与现有的生物质热解制炭等工艺相比,生物质气化高值化技术由利用规模化、能连续运行的气化工艺发展而来,可方便实现生物质利用的自动化、大型化及产业化运行。目前无论是内热式或外热式的生物质热解制炭工艺,均为间歇性生产,规模小、人工消耗大,通常无法实现自动化运行。 与生物质直燃电站相比,生物质直燃电站只能获得电力或者热力,由于生物质中碳几乎完全燃烬,生物质灰的价值大幅降低,只能免费或者以低廉的价格销售给农民。 生物质气化高值化技术的特点在于在产出生物质燃气的同时联产高品质生物质炭。生物质炭可用于生产活性炭、机制炭、炭基肥等多种高价值炭产品,从而实现生物质的高值化利用。
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综合效益生物质燃料来源丰富,在生长过程中吸收CO2,参与大气中的碳循环,可实现温室气体的零排放,且燃烧过程中SOx的排放远远低于煤和重油,是一种理想、可再生的清洁能源。生物质气化高值化技术的应用,将生物质转化为生物质燃气进行供能,在减少了天然气、煤等化石能源的使用的同时,解决了农业废弃物焚烧带来的各种环境问题,促进经济和环保事业的可持续发展。 以秸秆气化供10t锅炉炭热联产项目为例,系统秸秆为原料,采用生物质气化多联产技术为10t蒸汽锅炉进行供热,系统每小时消耗秸秆约4t,以每年运行7500h计算,每年可处理农林废弃物3.0万吨,生产蒸汽7.5万吨,年产生物质炭0.9万吨,年利润723.7万元;替代标煤1.28万吨,减排CO2 3.40万吨,减排SO2 108.8吨。
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障碍对技术转移影响等级0
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提交日期2020/12/23
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技术成熟度生物气化高值化技术是由利用规模化、能连续运行的生物质气化工艺发展而来,可方便实现生物质利用的自动化、大型化及产业化运行。截止目前为止,该技术推广比例约为10%。生物质气化高值化的工艺路线、设备及系统集成已经非常完善,已建设示范项目百余项,先后获得江苏省科技进步一等奖、国家林业和草原局梁希一等奖、荆门市科技发明二等奖、合肥市科技进步二等奖、华电集团科技进步一等奖、国电集团科技进步二等奖各1项。
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Technical adaptability analysisThis technology is mainly used in biomass energy utilization and agricultural and forestry waste treatment. Due to the low energy density of biomass, it is necessary to consider the situation of regional biomass resources in engineering application. The application and industrialization of this technology will enable rural areas and small towns to rely on their own biomass resources to increase energy supply and increase the income of local farmers. It will also drive the development of new renewable energy industry. The collection, storage and transportation of biomass raw materials, manufacturing of energy conversion equipment, engineering construction, system operation, and product sales will form an industrial chain to create economic benefits at the same time It creates many employment opportunities for local residents.
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Technical stability analysisAfter continuous research and development and improvement, the high-value technology of biomass gasification is very stable in the actual project operation process, and it is less sensitive to the interference of environment and technical parameters. (1)The biomass gas from downdraft fixed bed gasifier and fluidized bed gasifier enters into the gas equipment at high temperature, without tar precipitation, which will not cause pipeline blockage; the outlet temperature of updraft fixed bed gasifier is low, and the tar is removed by inertia separator, and then sent to the boiler for combustion, which will not cause tar pollution; (2)All kinds of temperature, pressure and flow detection points are arranged in the system to adjust the system operation condition in real time; (3)The high temperature working parts in the fixed bed gasifier are made of high temperature resistant materials, and there are no mechanical moving parts in the fluidized bed, which reduces the possibility of operation failure and ensures the stable operation of the gasification system; (4)The high value demonstration projects of biomass gasification constructed by the company are distributed in Anhui, Hubei, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Yunnan, Guangxi and other provinces. They are also exported to Greece, Slovenia, Bangladesh, Philippines, Ghana and other countries. According to the customer's response, the project is running well, and the sensitivity to the interference of environment and technical parameters is low.
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Technical safety analysisBiomass gasification high-value technology uses pyrolysis coupling method to convert biomass into biomass gas and biomass carbon. Biomass gas is fully utilized for energy, and biomass carbon is utilized as a product. The technology will not produce secondary pollution in the application process. Biomass gas is high-temperature, toxic and harmful gas. In order to prevent gas channeling in the gasifier, the special operating conditions are fully considered in the process and equipment design. The gasification system is designed to operate under negative pressure. Not only explosion-proof devices are arranged in the key positions of the whole system, but also toxic and harmful gas detection and alarm devices and ventilation devices are arranged around the gasifier, and equipped with industrial equipment Industrial television monitoring system can monitor the equipment and operating environment in real time, reduce the risk of environmental and safety accidents caused by biomass gas leakage, and ensure the safety and reliability of the technology in the application process. High value technology of biomass gasification is mainly used in the field of biomass energy conversion, which is rich in biomass energy resources. With the development of society and economy, the problem of energy shortage is becoming more and more serious, and the market of biomass energy utilization is broad. Moreover, this technology is a high-tech encouraged by the state to improve the industrial structure, without industry regulation and policy barriers. The difficulty of products entering the market is low. There is no system risk of upstream resource limitation, imperfect supporting facilities and low market acceptance.
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技术转移推广障碍0
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知识产权转让十余年来,合肥德博生物能源科技有限公司通过对生物质气化高值化技术的不断研究,衍生出气化多联产、燃煤机组耦合生物质气化发电、生物质气化合成天然气等多个原创性工艺及装备,获得国家专利六十余项,其中发明专利十三项,合肥德博生物能源科技有限公司拟拥有生物质气化高值化技术的完全的国内自主知识产权。